The Beef Gristle Mill T Shirts

Style of inexpensive material shirt

A adult female wearing a pink 5-neck T-shirt

A T-shirt, or tee shirt, is a style of cloth shirt named after the T shape of its body and sleeves. Traditionally, it has brusk sleeves and a circular neckline, known every bit a coiffure neck, which lacks a collar. T-shirts are by and large made of a stretchy, light, and inexpensive fabric and are easy to clean. The T-shirt evolved from undergarments used in the 19th century and, in the mid-20th century, transitioned from undergarment to full general-apply casual wearable.

They are typically made of cotton fiber textile in a stockinette or jersey knit, which has a distinctively pliable texture compared to shirts made of woven cloth. Some modern versions have a torso fabricated from a continuously knitted tube, produced on a circular knitting car, such that the torso has no side seams. The industry of T-shirts has get highly automated and may include cutting fabric with a laser or a water jet.

T-shirts are inexpensive to produce and are frequently part of fast fashion, leading to outsized sales of T-shirts compared to other attire.^[one] For example, two billion T-shirts are sold per year in the United States,^[2] or the boilerplate person from Sweden buys nine T-shirts a year.^[3] Product processes vary but can be environmentally intensive, and include the environmental affect caused by their materials, such as cotton which is both pesticide and water intensive.^{[four] [5] [vi]}

History [edit]

Simple, T-shaped top garments accept been a office of human being vesture since ancient times; garments similar to the T-shirt worn earlier in history are mostly chosen tunics.

The modern T-shirt evolved from undergarments used in the 19th century. Showtime, the one-piece spousal relationship suit underwear was cut into split summit and lesser garments, with the pinnacle long enough to tuck under the waistband of the bottoms. With and without buttons, they were adopted by miners and stevedores during the late 19th century as a user-friendly covering for hot environments.

As slip-on garments without buttons, the earliest T-shirt dates back to sometime between the 1898 Spanish–American War and 1904, when the Cooper Underwear Company ran a magazine ad announcing a new product for bachelors. In the "before" photo, a homo averts his eyes from the photographic camera equally if embarrassed; he has lost all the buttons on his undershirt and has condom-pinned its flaps together. In the "after" photo, a virile admirer sports a handlebar mustache, smokes a cigar and wears a "bachelor undershirt" stretchy enough to be pulled over the head. "No safety pins — no buttons — no needle — no thread", ran the slogan aimed at men with no wives who lacked sewing skills.^[7]

In 1913, the U.S. Navy get-go issued them as undergarments.^[8] These were a crew-necked, short-sleeved, white cotton undershirt to be worn under a uniform. It became common for sailors and Marines in work parties, the early submarines, and tropical climates to remove their uniform jacket, thus wearing (and soiling) only the undershirt.^[9] They soon became popular as a bottom layer of clothing for workers in various industries, including agronomics. The T-shirt was easily fitted, easily cleaned, and cheap; for those reasons, it became the shirt of choice for young boys. Boys' shirts were fabricated in various colors and patterns. The word T-shirt became role of American English by the 1920s, and appeared in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary.^[8]

By the Bully Low, the T-shirt was often the default garment to be worn when doing farm or ranch chores, too as other times when modesty called for a torso covering but atmospheric condition called for lightweight fabrics.^[9] Post-obit Globe State of war II, it was worn past Navy men as undergarments and slowly became common to encounter veterans wearing their uniform trousers with their T-shirts as coincidental clothing. The shirts became fifty-fifty more popular in the 1950s after Marlon Brando wore one in A Streetcar Named Desire, finally achieving status equally fashionable, stand up-alone, outerwear garments.^[10] Often boys wore them while doing chores and playing outside, eventually opening upward the idea of wearing them as general-purpose casual clothing.

Printed T-shirts were in express use by 1942 when an Air Corps Gunnery School T-shirt appeared on the cover of Life magazine. In the 1960s, printed T-shirts gained popularity for self-expression besides as for advertisements, protests, and souvenirs.

Current versions are bachelor in many unlike designs and fabrics, and styles include coiffure-neck and V-neck shirts. T-shirts are among the most worn garments of wear used today. T-shirts are especially popular with branding for companies or merchandise, as they are cheap to make and purchase.

Trends [edit]

T-shirts were originally worn as undershirts, but are now worn frequently as the merely slice of clothing on the top half of the trunk, other than possibly a brassiere or, rarely, a waistcoat (belong). T-shirts take besides become a medium for cocky-expression and advertising, with any imaginable combination of words, fine art and photographs on display.^[11]

A T-shirt typically extends to the waist. Variants of the T-shirt, such as the V-neck, accept been adult. Hip hop fashion calls for alpine-T shirts which may extend downwardly to the knees. A similar item is the T-shirt dress or T-dress, a dress-length T-shirt that tin be worn without pants.^[12] Long T-shirts are also sometimes worn by women as nightgowns. A 1990s trend in women's clothing involved tight-fitting cropped T-shirt or crop tops short enough to reveal the midriff. Another less popular trend is wearing a short-sleeved T-shirt of a contrasting color over a long-sleeved T-shirt, which is known as layering. T-shirts that are tight to the body are called fitted, tailored or infant doll T-shirts.

With the rise of social media and video sharing sites likewise came numerous tutorials on DIY T-shirt projects.^[13] These videos typically provided instructions on how to modify an old shirt into a new, more fashionable grade.

Expressive letters [edit]

Since the 1960s, T-shirts have flourished as a course of personal expression.^[11] Screen printed T-shirts have been a standard grade of marketing for major American consumer products, such every bit Coca-Cola and Mickey Mouse, since the 1970s. It has as well been unremarkably used to commemorate an event or to make a political or personal statement. Since the 1990s, information technology has become common practise for companies of all sizes to produce T-shirts with their corporate logos or messages as part of their overall ad campaigns. Since the late 1980s and especially the 1990s, T-shirts with prominent designer-proper name logos have get popular, specially with teenagers and young adults. These garments permit consumers to flaunt their taste for designer brands in an inexpensive way, in addition to beingness decorative. Examples of designer T-shirt branding include Calvin Klein, FUBU, Ralph Lauren, American Apparel, and The Gap. These examples too include representations of rock bands, amidst other obscure pop-culture references. Licensed T-shirts are as well extremely popular. Film and Boob tube T-shirts can take images of the actors, logos, and funny quotations from the movie or Goggle box prove. Oft, the about pop T-shirts are those that characters wore in the film itself (e.m., Bubba Gump from Forrest Gump and Vote For Pedro from Napoleon Dynamite).

Designer Katharine Hamnett, in the early 1980s, pioneered outsize T-shirts with large-print slogans. The early offset decade of the 21st century saw the renewed popularity of T-shirts with slogans and designs with a stiff inclination to the humorous and/or ironic. The trend has simply increased later in this decade, embraced by celebrities, such equally Britney Spears and Paris Hilton, and reflected back on them, too ('Team Aniston'). The political and social statements that T-shirts ofttimes display have become, since the starting time decade of the 21st century, one of the reasons that they take then deeply permeated different levels of culture and society. The statements besides may exist found to exist offensive, shocking, or pornographic to some. Examples of T-shirt stores and designers known for using offensive and shocking messages include T-Shirt Hell and Apollo Braun. Many different organizations take defenseless on to the statement-making trend, including chain and independent stores, websites, and schools.

A popular phrase on the front of demonstrating the popularity of T-shirts amongst tourists is the humorous phrase "I went to _____ and all I got was this lousy T-shirt." Examples include "My parents went to Las Vegas and all I got was this lousy T-shirt." T-shirt exchange is an activity where people merchandise the T-shirts that they are wearing.

Artists like Bill Beckley, Glen Baldridge and Peter Klashorst use T-shirts in their work. Models such as Victoria Beckham and Gisele Bundchen wore T-shirts through the 2000s. Paris Fashion Week 2014 featured a grunge way T-shirt.^[xiv]

Decoration [edit]

Ringer T-shirt

In the early on 1950s, several companies based in Miami, Florida, started to decorate T-shirts with dissimilar resort names and various characters. The first company was Tropix Togs, under founder Sam Kantor, in Miami. They were the original licensee for Walt Disney characters in 1976 including Mickey Mouse and Davy Crockett. Later, other companies expanded into the T-shirt printing business, including Sherry Manufacturing Company, also based in Miami. Sherry was founded in 1948 by its owner and founder Quentin H. Sandler as a screen printer of Souvenir Scarf's to the souvenir resort market. Presently, the visitor evolved into i of the largest screen printed resort and licensed apparel companies in the United States. The company now (2018) runs automated Screen Impress presses and produces up to 10,000 to xx,000 T-shirts each twenty-four hour period.

In the 1960s, the ringer T-shirt appeared and became a staple manner for youth and stone-n-rollers. The decade also saw the emergence of tie-dyeing and screen-printing on the basic T-shirt and the T-shirt became a medium for habiliment fine art, commercial advertising, souvenir letters, and protest fine art letters. Psychedelic art poster designer Warren Dayton pioneered several political, protest, and popular-civilization art printed large and in color on T-shirts featuring images of Cesar Chavez, political cartoons, and other cultural icons in an article in the Los Angeles Times magazine in late 1969 (ironically, the wearable company quickly cancelled the experimental line, fearing there would not be a marketplace). In the late 1960s, Richard Ellman, Robert Tree, Bill Kelly, and Stanley Mouse ready upwardly the Monster Company in Manufactory Valley, California, to produce fine fine art designs expressly for T-shirts. Monster T-shirts often feature emblems and motifs associated with the Grateful Expressionless and marijuana civilization.^[fifteen] Additionally, 1 of the about popular symbols to sally from the political turmoil of the 1960s were T-shirts bearing the face of Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara.^[16]

Today, many notable and memorable T-shirts produced in the 1970s accept become ensconced in popular culture. Examples include the bright yellowish happy face T-shirts, The Rolling Stones tops with their "tongue and lips"^[17] logo, and Milton Glaser'south iconic "I ♥ Due north Y" design. In the mid-1980s, the white T-shirt became fashionable after the actor Don Johnson wore it with an Armani suit in Miami Vice.^[9]

V-Neck [edit]

A V-neck T-shirt has a V-shaped neckline, every bit opposed to the round neckline of the more than common crew neck shirt (too chosen a U-neck). 5-necks were introduced so that the neckline of the shirt does not show when worn beneath an outer shirt, equally would that of a crew neck shirt.^{[18] [19] [20]}

Screen printing [edit]

A woman wearing a T-shirt with an architectural motif

The almost common form of commercial T-shirt ornament is screen printing. In screen press, a design is separated into individual colors. Plastisol or water based inks are applied to the shirt through mesh screens which limits the areas where ink is deposited. In near commercial T-shirt press, the specific colors in the pattern are used. To achieve a wider color spectrum with a limited number of colors, process printing (using only cyan, magenta, yellow and blackness ink) or simulated process (using but white, black, red, greenish, bluish, and gold ink) is effective. Procedure printing is best suited for light colored shirts.^[21] The simulated process is all-time suited for nighttime colored shirts.

In 1959, the invention of plastisol provided an ink more durable and stretchable than water-based ink, allowing much more variety in T-shirt designs. Very few companies continue to apply water-based inks on their shirts. The bulk of companies that create shirts adopt plastisol due to the ability to print on varying colors without the need for color adjustment at the art level.

Specialty inks trend in and out of fashion and include shimmer, puff, discharge, and chino based^[22] inks. A metallic foil can be rut pressed and stamped onto any plastisol ink. When combined with shimmer ink, metallics give a mirror like effect wherever the previously screened plastisol ink was applied. Specialty inks are more expensive to purchase besides as screen and tend to announced on garments in boutiques.

Other methods of ornament used on T-shirts include airbrush, applique, embroidery, impressing or embossing, and the ironing on of either flock lettering, heat transfers, or dye-sublimation transfers. Laser printers are capable of press on plain newspaper using a special toner containing sublimation dyes which tin can then be permanently oestrus-transferred to T-shirts.

In the 1980s, thermochromatic dyes were used to produce T-shirts that inverse color when subjected to heat. The Global Hypercolour make of these was a common sight on the streets of the U.k. for a few years just has since more often than not disappeared. These were besides very pop in the United States amidst teenagers in the tardily 1980s. A downside of color-modify garments is that the dyes can easily be damaged, especially by washing in warm water or dye other clothes during washing.

Tie dye [edit]

Necktie dye originated in India, Nihon, Jamaica, and Africa as early as the sixth century.^[23] Some forms of tie dye are Bandhani (the oldest known technique) used in Indian cultures, and Shibori primarily used in Japanese cultures. It was not until the 1960s that tie dye was introduced to America during the hippie movement.^[23]

Heat transfer vinyl (HTV) [edit]

Some other form of T-shirt decoration is heat transfer vinyl, besides chosen HTV. HTV is a polyurethane material that allows dress designers to create unique layered designs using a specialized software program. Once the design is created, it is then cut through the material using a vinyl cutter (or Cut n Printing) machine.

There are dozens of dissimilar colors available, too as glitter, cogitating, and now even unique patterns (such as mermaid peel) which come in rolls and sheets.

After the pattern is cut, there is a process chosen "weeding" whereby the areas of the design that do not represent the design are picked away from the transfer sheet and removed so that the intended design remains. HTV is typically smooth to the impact and does non feel rubbery or stiff. The edges are typically clean cut and produce high dissimilarity.

Designers can besides create multiple color designs, or multi-layered designs using HTV. This process would exist done in the design software earlier the design is sent to the cutter for the different materials. A estrus press is then used to apply pressure and heat to the vinyl and so that the textile permanently adheres to the garment. The temperature and pressure vary according to the manufacturers specifications.

Dye-sublimation printing [edit]

Dye-sublimation press is a directly-to-garment digital printing engineering science using full colour artwork to transfer images to polyester and polymer-coated substrate based T-shirts. Dye-sublimation (also commonly referred to as all-over press) came into widespread employ in the 21st century, enabling some designs previously incommunicable. Printing with unlimited colors using big CMYK printers with special paper and ink is possible, dissimilar screen printing which requires screens for each color of the design. All-over print T-shirts take solved the trouble with color fading and the vibrancy is higher than most standard printing methods only requires synthetic fabrics for the ink to have hold. The key feature of dye-sublimated article of clothing is that the blueprint is non printed on top of the garment, but permanently dyed into the threads of the shirt, ensuring that it volition never fade.

Dye-sublimation is economically viable for small-scale-quantity printing; the unit of measurement cost is similar for brusque or long production runs. Screen press has higher setup costs, requiring large numbers to be produced to be toll-effective, and the unit of measurement toll is higher.

Solid ink is changed into a gas without passing through a liquid phase (sublimation), using heat and force per unit area. The design is outset produced in a reckoner image file format such equally jpg, gif, png, or whatsoever other. It is printed on a purpose-made computer printer (as of 2016^[update] well-nigh usually Epson or Ricoh brands)^{[ commendation needed ]} using big heat presses to vaporize the ink direct into the fabric. By mid-2012, this method had go widely used for T-shirts.

Other methods [edit]

Other methods of decorating shirts include using paints, markers, fabric transfer crayons, dyes and spray paint. Some techniques that tin be used include sponging, stenciling, daubing, stamping, screen printing, bleaching, and many more.^[24] Some new T-shirt creators have used designs with multiple avant-garde techniques, which includes using glow-in-the-dark inks, rut-sensitive fabrics, foil press and all-over printing. Other designers like Robert Geller, a German language-born American mode designer, has created a T-shirt collection which feature oversized graphic T-shirts fabricated from super soft bailiwick of jersey materials. Alexander Wang came out^{[ clarification needed ]} with variations of T-shirts from oversized scoop necks, tanks to striped, slouchy rayon jerseys.^[25] Terence Koh T-shirts feature an upside down portrait with a real bullet hole hand.^[26]

See too [edit]

• Concert T-shirt
• Inkjet transfer
• Kit (association football)
• Polo shirt
• Printed T-shirt
• Raglan sleeve
• Wet T-shirt contest

References [edit]

1. ^ "A Breakdown of the Environmental Impact of a Cotton wool T-Shirt – Treefy". Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
2. ^ Wall, Mattias; er; ContributorCEO; USAgain (2012-07-03). "T-Shirt Blues: The Environmental Touch of a T-Shirt". HuffPost . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
3. ^ Hurst, Nathan. "What'due south the Environmental Footprint of a T-Shirt?". Smithsonian Magazine . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
4. ^ Hurst, Nathan. "What'south the Environmental Footprint of a T-Shirt?". Smithsonian Magazine . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
5. ^ Wall, Mattias; er; ContributorCEO; USAgain (2012-07-03). "T-Shirt Blues: The Ecology Impact of a T-Shirt". HuffPost . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
6. ^ "A Breakdown of the Environmental Affect of a Cotton T-Shirt – Treefy". Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
7. ^ "Who Made That T-Shirt?". The New York Times. 22 September 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
8. ^ ^{a b} "History of the T-shirt". Tee Fetch.
9. ^ ^{a b c} Harris, Alice. The White T. HarperCollins, 1996.
10. ^ "A Streetcar Named Desire – AMC filmsite". Filmsite.org. 1947-12-03. Retrieved 2010-10-26 .
11. ^ ^{a b} Sally Larsen with Neeli Cherkovski, Japlish, Pomegranate Art Books, San Francisco, 1993, ISBN 1-56640-454-ane
12. ^ Cumming, Valerie; C. W. Cunnington & P. E. Cunnington (2010). The Lexicon of Fashion History. Berg Publishers. p. 211. ISBN978-1-84788-534-0.
13. ^ "31 T-Shirt DIYs That Are Perfect For Summer". Buzzfeed.com . Retrieved i July 2016.
14. ^ Pieri, Kerry (2013-x-03). "Street style: Paris manner week 2014". Archived from the original on 2014-05-thirty. Retrieved 2018-03-thirteen .
15. ^ Monster T-shirt ART, Monster Corporation catalog #3, Mill Valley 1974
16. ^ The Most Famous Statement T-shirts by SoJones Asmara, September 10, 2009
17. ^ File:The Rolling Stones Tongue Logo.png
18. ^ "Coiffure neck". Merriam-Webster Online . Retrieved two August 2010.
19. ^ "Sweaters Go Bulky". Milwaukee Journal Scout. 25 August 1957. p. 2. Retrieved two August 2010.
20. ^ Kirby, Michael B. (Spring 2008). "90th IDPG History of the T-shirt During WW2". 90th Infantry Partition Preservation Group. Retrieved 2 Baronial 2010.
21. ^ Steve Rhodes. "CMYK Press". ImpressionzPrinting.com. CMYK is a widely used technique to replicate full-color images on light colored backgrounds. The total-colour process originated to accurately reproduce artwork on white paper.
22. ^ Huston, Lance. "Subject: Re: chino ink??". ScreenPrinters.Net. Archived from the original on 23 September 2013. Retrieved 13 Jan 2018. Chino is a special Rutland INK BASE mixing system.… While on the surface it looks similar to a reduced base of operations, information technology does have a unique print quality to it that offers a waterbase feel, without the hassles of waterbase inks.
23. ^ ^{a b} "Peace, Love and Necktie-Dye". Iml.jou.ufl.edu . Retrieved 31 October 2017.
24. ^ Taylor, Carol. The Great T-Shirt Book!: Make Your Own Spectacular, One-of-a-kind Designs. New York: Sterling Pub., 1992. Print.
25. ^ "T-Shirt past Darwin". NYMag.com . Retrieved 2017-05-23 .
26. ^ "Bullet Pigsty Tees: Terence Koh'southward Capsule T-Shirt Collection for Opening Anniversary". TrendHunter.com . Retrieved 2017-05-23 .

External links [edit]

brennerantless.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-shirt

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